Adoption of NEP in 1990-91 was designed primarily to replace slowly growing closed Indian economy by rapidly growing open economy. The study determines the degree of openness of Indian economy and the profile of time path traversed towards this goal under NEP. The opening up of the closed...

This publication brings together two reference works by Angus Maddison: The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective, first published in 2001 and The World Economy: Historical Statistics, published in 2003. This new edition contains Statlinks, a service providing access to the underlying data in...

Trade can be a key driver of growth for African countries, as it has been for those countries, particularly in East Asia, that have experienced high and sustained rates of growth. Economic partnership agreements with the European Union could be instrumental in a competitiveness framework, but to...