Using unique firm-level survey data from Germany, this paper investigates two measures of supply constraints: a new direct measure that indicates material shortages and capacity utilization, a widely accepted measure of bottlenecks and slack. We document substantial heterogeneity in supply...

This paper examines the pass-through of European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy to deposit rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). We use aggregate and bank-level data to study interest rate pass-through by bank size and ownership for the period 2012-2023. In extensions, we also study...

This note develops an econometric model of inflation dynamics to assess recent developments. We find that most of the rapid decline in price pressures achieved in 2023 owes to the normalization of supply chains. With supply-chain disruptions now largely resolved, future progress toward...