We analyze the relationships within the liquid fuels system and its associated supply chain using innovative network filtering methods, namely the Minimum Spanning Tree and Triangulated Maximally Filtered Graph. Our findings reveal that biofuels form robust connections with their feedstocks that...

"Climate change and the recent COVID-19 pandemic have exposed the vulnerability of global agricultural supply and value chains. There is a growing awareness of the importance of interactions within and between these supply chains for understanding the performance of agricultural markets. This...

Oil price shocks, which materialize in petrol prices, put severe inflationary pressures on countries that rely largely on fossil fuels, causing financial instability. The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program, implemented in the USA in 2005, sanctions blending corn-based ethanol with fuel and...