, species extinction and industrial pollution were rising. Recently it has been intensified by the creation of the World Trade … hampered by the lack of a common language and also suffered from little recourse to economic theory and empirical evidence. The … international trade. We critically review both theory and empirical work to answer three basic questions. What do we know about the …

, species extinction and industrial pollution were rising. Recently it has been intensified by the creation of the World Trade … hampered by the lack of a common language and also suffered from little recourse to economic theory and empirical evidence. The … international trade. We critically review both theory and empirical work to answer three basic questions. What do we know about the …

emergence of new pollution problems, the lack of success in dealing with global warming and the still rising population in the … Third World as proof positive that humans are a short-sighted and rapacious species. Others however see the glass as half …, history of improvement in living standards. These views are not necessarily inconsistent and growth theory offers us the tools …

semiparametric panel data model. Our results corroborates that the nature and validity of the income–pollution relationship based on …