A survey is provided dealing with the formulation of modelling problems for dynamic factor models, and the various algorithm possibilities for solving these modelling problems. Emphasis is placed on understanding requirements for the handling of errors, noting the relevance of the proposed...

The asymptotic properties of maximum likelihood estimates of a vector ARMAX system are considered under general conditions, relating to the nature of the exogenous variables and the innovation sequence and to the form of the parameterization of the rational transfer functions, from exogenous...

This paper is concerned with linear dynamic factor models. In such models the observed process is decomposed into a structural part called the latent process, and a remainder that is called noise. The observed variables are treated in a symmetric way, so that no distinction between inputs and...