The authors examine the social pension in South Africa, where large cash sums--about twice the median per capita income of African bouseholds--are paid to people qualified by age but irrespective of previous contributions. They present the history of the scheme and use a 1993 nationally...

In spite of India’s rapid economic growth, there has been a sustained decline in per capita calorie consumption during the last twenty-five years. While the decline has been largest among better-off households, it has taken place throughout the range of household per capita total expenditure....

Although we have more data than ever before at our disposal, measuring poverty remains a controversial issue. This paper discusses the ambiguity that arises from using different definitions and data sources in world poverty measurement. It opens with a critical review of the different procedures...

We examine the relationship between educational inputs-primarily pupil-teacher ratios-and school outcomes in South Africa immediately before the end of apartheid government. Black households were severely limited in their residential choice under apartheid and attended schools for which funding...

Heute sind die Menschen gesünder, wohlhabender und sie leben länger als früher. Einem Teil der Menschheit ist "Der Grosse Ausbruch" aus Armut, Not, Krankheit und Entbehrung in Freiheit, Bildung, Demokratie und eine freie globale Weltwirtschaft gelungen. Dennoch nimmt die Ungleichheit zwischen...