One legacy of the Soviet-type economy is the highly inefficient, and sometimes value-destroying, structure of factor use and economic interaction [Hughes and Hare (1994)]. This structure was sustainable only by virtue of distorted prices, hiding true costs, and by the force of command that...

The Russian Economy has evolved into a hybrid form, a partially monetized quasi-market system that has been called the virtual economy. In the virtual economy, barter and non-monetary transactions play a key role in transferring value from productive activities to the loss-making sectors of the...

It is well known that externalities cause fundamental nonconvexity problems in the production sets. We use the differentiable approach to establish existence without requiring aggregate convexity in consumption nor production. Our model allows general externalities in consumption and production...

This paper develops a two-period model of enterprise shutdown during post-Soviet transition, when firm performance is at best a highly noisy signal of its viability in the evolving market economy. The paper focuses at the industry level, taking a normative industrial-policy perspective, and...

The paper argues that a key legacy of the Soviet-type command economy is the highly inefficient, often value- destroying, structure of factor use and economic interaction. This structure was sustainable only by virtue of distorted prices and the force of command that maintained interactions...

This report surveys the state and structure of the Russian economy at the beginning of the 21st century. The nature of the economic system is characterized in terms of the inherited structural and institutional legacies and the efforts to overcome these since 1991. Despite the vast changes that...