Environmental problems are encountered today all over the world, but they raise by their causes and nature two clearly distinguishable sets of problems in the economies of developing and developed countries. While those facing the industrialized nations result in the main from the industrial...

Disappointment about the results of import substituting industrialization strategies as well as the spectacular performance of a few newly industrialised countries have led many developing countries to switch in the 1970s to export oriented industrialization. This analysis cautions against any...