This study sets out to inspect empirically whether existing theory in Geographical Economics (GE) is able to provide a rationale for the controversial and much debated structure of the highly knowledge- and research-intensive biotechnology industry in Finland. In addition to providing evidence...

Introduction -- Varieties of capitalism and innovation : the Silicon Valley model -- How an American technology cluster emerged and became sustainable : San Diego biotechnology -- The German biotechnology industry : the limits of orchestrated innovation -- Biotechnology in the UK : good but not...