education spending and teacher salaries falls when respondents receive information about existing levels. Treatment effects vary … by prior knowledge in a manner consistent with information effects rather than priming. Support for salary increases is …' lower support for increases. Information about the tradeoffs between specific spending categories shifts preferences from …

insured individuals. Thus, the functioning of social norms depends crucially on information, in particular on what norm … enforcers are able to observe about an insured individual's behavior. Information is also decisive when distinguishing between …

have better information about the state of the world than voters. Three types of institutions are compared: direct …