This Perspective explores how the Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement (IFDA), recently made public at the World Trade Organization’s 13th ministerial conference, could be used as a starting point to include additional home state measures to facilitate outward investment in other...

The main objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of financial inclusion on the rate of unemployment. To execute the research idea, the study has considered 31 countries (16 Upper-Middle Income and 15 Lower-Middle Income), over the period of 2004-2019. For the empirical...

The Role of Trade in Ending Poverty looks at the complex relationships between economic growth, poverty reduction and trade, and examines the challenges that poor people face in benefiting from trade opportunities. Written jointly by the World Bank Group and the WTO, the publication examines how...

LDCs' trade patterns changed in the past decade, thanks to the rebalancing of global demand towards large emerging countries and the resulting cycle of high international commodity prices. This process led to a wider geographical diversification of LDCs' exports but contributed also to a greater...

The rapid rise in global fragmentation — foreign investment, global supply chains, and ‘production sharing — is fundamentally reshaping the multilateral trading system. This paper uses a simple economic modeling framework to understand how the global fragmentation phenomenon may reshape...