Scince the 1990ies a multiplicity of young technology firms tried to enter the new markets. Some MNE`s merged or established through spin-offs new competitive firms, SME `s often found themselves in the middle of a consolidation process, developing under a strong pressure of competition new ways...

The concept of ‘polycentric spatial development’, a central principle of the European Spatial Development Perspective, is closely linked to the concept of ‘sustainable urban development’. But ‘polycentricity’ has different significance at different spatial scales. Within a European...

Research on fi nancial centers does not exist per se. Thereason is that no scientifi c discipline solely deals with«fi nancial centers». There have been seveal works of differentdisciplines in the last years regarding the emergence,the development and the analysis of particularaspects of fi...