We examine the differential effects of automation on the labor market and educational outcomes of women relative to men … over the past four decades. Although women were disproportionately employed in occupations with a high risk of automation … link by exploiting variation in local labor market exposure to automation attributable to historical differences in local …

average, perform more routine tasks than men?tasks that are more prone to automation. To quantify the impact on jobs, we … relate data on task composition at work to occupation level estimates of probability of automation, controlling for a rich … workers are at a significantly higher risk for displacement by automation than male workers, with 11 percent of the female …

Automation curtails the discretion of street-level bureaucrats in several ways: bureaucrats have little control over … bureaucracy may benefit from the introduction of automation when the agency is biased against them. We test this claim by … policy benefits, then the introduction of automation could increase unemployment insurance (UI) payments for clients. Indeed …