In 2017, "The Big Three" institutional investors launched campaigns to increase gender diversity on corporate boards. We estimate that their campaigns led American corporations to add at least 2.5 times as many female directors in 2019 as they had in 2016. Firms increased diversity by...

This paper investigates the robustness of designed experiments for estimating linear functions of a subset of parameters in a general linear model against the loss of any t( U 1) observations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for robustness of a design under a homoscedastic model are derived....

The universal optimality of some block designs with unequal block sizes is studied, under the usual homoscedastic model and under a certain heteroscedastic model.