District heating has the potential to make a substantial contribution to a sustainable energy future in Central Europe and the former Soviet Union. It is a critical energy source for countries in transition, covering 60 percent of heating and hot water needs

The scope of informal economy and the forms of informal employment differ greatly between countries. Therefore, studying the role of informal employment in the labour market from a comparative perspective provides important insights into economic and social developments in regions and...

This paper looks at the development of Chinese exports to Central Asian countries after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The analysis, which relies on export data from China to Asian countries at a general product level, shows that China's exports to Central Asia have significantly...