It is often maintained that currency boards (CBs) and gold standards (GSs) are alike in that they are stringent monetary rules, the two basic features of which are high credibility of monetary authorities and the existence of automatic adjustment (non discretionary) mechanism. This article...

Charakteristisch für entwickelte Marktwirtschaften ist ihre ausgeprägte Fähigkeit zur Flexibilität. Angetrieben durch Konsumentenbedürfnisse und Produktinnovationen ändern sich permanent sowohl die verfügbaren Güter als auch die Struktur der Marktteilnehmer. Wettbewerblich organisierte...

The book contains 17 chapters, written by analysts coming from many continents, which portray the state of the art in ecological economics thinking on sustainable development. The selection of methodological contributions, richly illustrated by empirical observations, highlights how a new...

There is increasing empirical evidence that creative destruction, driven by experimentation and the adoption of new products and processes when investment is sunk, is a core mechanism of development. Obstacles to this process are likely to be obstacles to the progress in standards of living....

In this landmark work, a Nobel Prize-winning economist develops a new way of understanding the process by which economies change. Douglass North inspired a revolution in economic history a generation ago by demonstrating that economic performance is determined largely by the kind and quality of...

We consider a dynamic general equilibrium model with collective wage bargaining and investigate how unemployment dynamics are affected by two types of budgetary policies. In line with traditional reasoning, a balanced-budget rule amplifies fluctuations in the short run, whereas an...