For decades, policy makers in both the public and private sectors have been concerned with the question: What is the impact of changes in federal R and D support on company-financed R and D expenditures? This is one of the first empirical studies at a micro level of this topic. The results,...

This paper is concerned with the rate of diffusion of flexible manufacturing systems, one of the most important industrial applications of information technology. Using data from about 175 firms, I analyze diffusion rates in Japan, Western Europe and the United States, a major purpose being to...

This study, based on detailed data obtained from carefully selected samples of about 200 Japanese and American firms, seems to be the first comprehensive empirical investigation of the differences between Japan and the United States in innovation cost and time. Whereas the Japanese have...