Polish pension system has been severely changed in last years. However, it is still hard to find a purpose, for what these changes have been done. At the beginning of 1990 Polish pension system based on current payment (pass as you go system). In the end of 1998 a capital component was...

The tax and fiscal reforms headed by German finance minister Matthias Erzberger in 1919 and 1920 fundamentally reshaped German public finances. The total tax revenue as a percentage of GDP, or tax-to-GDP ratio, doubled and increased continually until the end of World War II. Since the 1950s, the...

Earlier studies have assumed the effect of tax systems on poverty and inequality to be symmetric by imposing linear specifications. In this study, we account for possible asymmetries by re-examining the effect of tax systems on poverty and inequality in Ghana. We rely on the Nonlinear...

Social disparities have a common and consistent character in the vast majority of contemporary countries. The level of income inequality in OECD countries has grown in the past 30 years and is still rising. Taxes and tax systems, aside from social transfers, are fiscal instruments widely used in...