With the diffusion of new technologies, technical errors may pass down to subsequent inventions and create negative externalities. Using predicate lists in the 510(k) premarket notification program, we track the knowledge flows in medical devices that claim the equivalence between existing...

User innovation contributes significantly to societal advancement, particularly in developing novel products and services, offering substantial financial potential, and fostering the common good. This is particularly evident in medical science, where it addresses diverse needs and is often...