How do investors react to firms “picking sides” along ideological fault lines? Integrating strategic differentiation logic with work on ideological polarization, we argue that some investors will react positively to information that a firm supports a contested social issue and some to...

Anti-immigrant forces almost succeeded in passing restrictive legislation in 1897, but their plan did not ultimately materialize for another twenty years. During that time 17 million Europeans from among the poorest nations came to the United States. This paper explores the economic and...

This paper describes data on U.S. exports from 1972-1994, classified according to the Schedule B' system, Harmonized System (HS), Standard International Trade Classification (SITC, Revisions 2 and 3), and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC, 1972 basis), along with various concordances. All...

We develop and test a model of joint determination of the rate of economic growth and the results of presidential and Congressional elections in the United States. In our model, economic agents and voters have rational expectations. Economic policy varies as a function of control of the White...

The United States emerged from World War II as the acknowledged global leader in basic science and its industrial application. While U.S. science has been able to maintain that preeminence in most areas, the nation's technological lead has met increasingly formidable challenges from abroad....

Most European governments have universal, consolidated, education-based ECE programs that are available from early in the morning to late in the evening throughout the year. European ECE programs are uniformly of high quality, generally last at least three years, and are funded to serve all...

The US retailing industry has been experiencing substantial decline over the last few years. This has been manifested in layoffs, changes in management, inventory write-downs, dis-continuation and stream lining of online marketing efforts, bankruptcy, reduced capital expenditures, store closings...

Researchers constructing index number frequently face the problem of new (or disappearing) goods, for which the price and quantity are not available in some periods. In theory, the correct way to handle a new good is to treat its price before it appears as equal to the reservation price (i.e.,...

We document motivated reasoning among U.S. Circuit Court judges. We employ a supervised learning approach to measure partisan influences on prose (writing style), precedent (citations to previous cases), and policy (dissenting votes). We find persistent but low partisanship of language overall,...

This study reports on a 24-month series of national measurements of usage for out-of-town vacations and vacation commercial lodging services. The portion of consumers who reported taking an out-of-town vacation in the past 12 months was 59.4%. Of these out-of-town vacationers,59.6% reported...