The paper discusses four IMF-supported adjustment programs of Poland, 1990-1995, and two of Russia, 1992-1994, in terms of the underlying theory, policy objectives, assumptions, policies, errors and results. The paper suggests that the roles of the IMF and the World Bank have been helpful but,...

The national statistics and international comparisons based on purchasing power parities suggest that the Former Soviet Union (FSU) in the years 1925-75 and Central and Eastern Europe in the years 1945-80 experienced economic growth comparable to that of many market-based economies of similar...

The types of technical progress currently referred to in the theory of economic growth will be passed in review and their relations studied in detail. Light will also be shed on the dependence of the long-run rate of growth, in the presence of a constant rate of saving, on the type of technical...

This is the first detailed study of enterprise finances in a country of Central and Eastern Europe during transition. It is based on enterprise data collected monthly by the Polish Central Statistical Office. Its primary purpose is to provide answers to questions about the size of enterprise...

This paper gives an account of the main aims and principles of the reform measures which came into force in 1999. Its primary objective is to present estimations of the effects of these measures on the composition of the pension system, over the next 50 years, in terms of institutions,...

The primary purpose of the paper is to capture in a growth model the conflict of interests between the generation of the young and entrepreneurial on the one hand and the generation of the old and pensioners on the other. The model is applied to assess the size of the gap between optimal...

This report is the result of the joint work of a number of experts from various fields who have been - for many years – analysing the multidimensional effects of EU institutions and cooperation with Member States pursuant to European values and mechanisms. The authors summarise the benefits of...

Primary purpose of this parer is to comment on the experiences so far by the formerly communist countries in transforming their economies with a view to propose lessons for policy-making. Although my familiarity is greatest with the Polish experience, makes use of the empirical evidence, both...