This paper examines how the category of failure was economised and made calculable. It explores the preconditions for this shift in three stages. First, it explores how failure came to be 'forgiven' in both the US and the UK across the nineteenth century, how it came to be defined as something...

Significant attention has been paid to how real options analysis can help in "valuing" operating flexibility when making major capital investment decisions. But there has been far less study of how to "manage" such flexibility, particularly in cases where a decision to defer, contract, or expand...

This essay addresses the implications of accounting and hybrids for the management of risk. We argue firstly and most generally for a definition of hybrids that extends beyond organisational forms. The existing literature, we suggest, has been too focused on organisational forms, and has largely...