Industrial policies pursued in many developing countries in the 1950s-1970s largely failed while the industrial policies of the Asian Miracles succeeded. We argue that a key factor of success is industrial policy with export orientation in contrast to import substitution. Exporting encouraged...

We estimate the macroeconomic effects of import tariffs and trade policy uncertainty in the United States, combining theory-consistent and narrative sign restrictions in Bayesian SVARs. We find mostly adverse consequences of protectionism, in aggregate and across sectors and regions. Tariff...

Digital technologies have made it increasingly feasible for buyers and sellers to place and receive orders on a global scale. They also enable the instantaneous remote delivery of services directly into businesses and homes, including internationally. The Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade sets...

In this study, we construct a new measurement of a firm's trade risk expectation. We investigate how exporters' innovation strategies respond to trade protection and their risk expectation by studying the global anti-dumping investigations against China. Specifically, using information on...

This paper investigates the time-varying effects of partisan conflict (PC) and trade policy uncertainty (TPU) on the energy market from January 2000 to July 2021 by employing a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model with stochastic volatility. The results show that the pass-through...

This book brings together contributions from leading scholars around the world on the most relevant and pressing economic themes surrounding the UK-EU relationship. With contributions spanning from the UK's accession to the bloc to the aftermath of its decision to leave, the book explores key...

This article focuses on the optimal international trade policy considered product differentiations. A duopoly model with a home firm in a developing country and a foreign firm in a developed country is established. The findings indicate that, the optimal tariff relies on the product...