attempted to apply property rights and commons theory to its allocation of spectrum. The theory was brilliant and powerful but … commons models of spectrum management. In this debate, the property rights model has been treated as essentially identical to … the licensed model, and the commons model as essentially identical to the unlicensed model. But in making this linkage the …

Removing the Commons defends a Lockean Left-Libertarian account of the moral conditions in which people may remove …, either via use or appropriation, natural resources from the commons. I conclude that self-owning agents may remove natural … resources from the commons just so long as they leave others the competitive value of their removal in a way that best affords …