From standard portfolio-choice theory it is well-understood that background risk, overwhelmingly due to wage risk, is … one of the central determinants of individuals’ portfolio composition: higher background risk reduces risky investments …. However, if background risk is negatively correlated with financial market risk, higher background risk implies more risky …

In this paper we describe the investment behavior of manufacturing firms in Italy between 1995 and 2013 and we … investment using information on firms' demand expectations, uncertainty, and credit constraints, based on the Bank of Italy …

-skilled labor increases. This suppresses wages of low-skilled workers and/or increases their unemployment rates. On the other hand … for the years 1970 - 2004, we document how the volatility of hours worked and of wages of workers at different skill …