an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect … witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time … pharmaceutical firms, between patent portfolio and profit margins. …

-effects regressions, this study yields robust results. National patent protection alone does not stimulate domestic innovation, as …This paper evaluates the effects of patent protection on pharmaceutical innovations for twenty-six countries that … established pharmaceutical patent laws during 1978-2002. Controlling for country characteristics through matched sampling …

prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing … countries with information that can serve as guidance for the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent … applications. The antibody combination considered for the patent analysis in this paper are Casirivimab and Imdevimab. The vaccines …

without the patent owner's authorization by issuing a compulsory license (CL). In the pharmaceuticals space, governments have … before patent expiry, increasing the supply and reducing the price of patented pharmaceuticals domestically. This paper … evaluates the three primary barriers to employing compulsory licenses for pharmaceuticals underscored by members during TRIPS …