In the negotiations on agriculture in the World Trade Organization, it was asserted that an importing state trading enterprise affects the domestic market but not the international market. This claim is investigated through specifying a model of intermediaries in international trade. There are...

Antidumping (AD) petitions are often withdrawn in favor of VERs and price undertakings. We compare foreign firms' incentive to engage in foreign direct investment (FDI) under a VER and a price undertaking, with special emphasis on foreign rivalry. We show that a VER is less likely to induce FDI...

After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and...

Der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) wird immer wieder vorgeworfen, ein Hindernis für eine wirksame Umweltpolitik zu sein. Die Handelsregeln, so der Kernvorwurf, hätten Vorrang vor ökologischen Belangen. Die WTO hält dem entgegen, dass das Regelwerk den WTO-Mitgliedern erhebliche Spielräume in...

Lack of information is a severe barrier to effective participation by developing countries in the international trade regime. Information systems in international regimes are the sets of institutions, actors and procedures involved in collecting, analysing and disseminating information about...

The debate on the institutional reform and governance of the WTO has now been underway for over fifteen years. In 1999, only five years after the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the collapse of the Seattle Ministerial Conference provoked intense demands for reform. By 2003, the...

Seit Beginn der 90er Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts sind wir Zeugen einer immer weiter voranschreitenden Herausbildung weltweiter Märkte für Waren und Dienstleistungen, der so genannten Globalisierung, geworden. Kennzeichen dieser Entwicklung ist nicht nur ein Anwachsen des...

Many countries with free trade zones or export processing zones now exempt from corporate income taxation the income of firms exporting from these areas. The WTO has attempted to eliminate this exemption through its rules to promote the non-discrimination of fiscal systems with respect to export...