This paper renews the line of research into the effects of changes in survey question wording and form which occupied researchers during the 1940s. We suggest two reasons for the cessation of such research: the idiosyncratic nature of many of the items experimented with and the near exclusive...

Two split-ballot experiments on attitude questions—one on inclusion or exclusion of “don't know†options and one on agree/disagree versus forced-choice format—were included in the General Social Survey in 1974 and replicated in 1982. Response effects occurred in each...