This study examines the dynamic effects of electricity generation (EG) on CO2 emissions from the residential sector. The study focuses on the EU-4 countries (Germany, Spain, France, and Italy), considers residential CO2 emissions as the dependent variable, and includes disaggregated level fossil...

In this paper, we explore the co-movements between renewable and non-renewable energy sources and CO 2 emissions and GDP per capita in Saudi Arabia, respectively. Using the spectral Granger causality approach, our results suggested that non-renewable energy sources lead to carbon emission...

Environmental agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol aim to stabilize the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, which is mainly caused by the burning of nonrenewable resources such as coal. We characterize the solution to the textbook Hotelling model when there is a ceiling on the stock of...

This study utilised the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to analyse the impact of fossil energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and government health spending on infant and under-5 mortality rates in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. The analysis showed that carbon dioxide emissions...