While much of the literature studies causes and consequences of war, the reverberations of peace have rarely been … studied. By focusing on the universe of ceasefire agreements since 1993, we study the causal effect of peace on economic … development projects or peace missions. …

), but could render the eruption of war between member and non-member countries more likely (peace diversion). This paper is …-stage game with three competing importers, where fi rst, two of the countries decide on whether to initiate war against each … other, and subsequently, all three countries select their import tariffs. We show that PTAs produce both a "peace …

exist with a positive war frequency. Third, if multiple equilibria exist, the perpetual peace equilibrium may be unstable in … international conflict. In this paper, we investigate whether this motive is sufficiently important for war to persist in … equilibrium if all countries are democracies. Three key findings emerge. First, the perpetual peace equilibrium hypothesized by …