Litigated pharmaceutical patents are a valuable source of data on how much inventiveness is required for a patent grant and what are the costs of patents. Although innovation is central to economic growth and the competitiveness of firms, there are few data about either the cost of granted...

There do not appear to be any cost-benefit assessments of the impact of patent systems, nor any data that can be used to directly assess the economic impact of patent systems. Discussions of patent policy therefore tend to be theoretical, and any evidence used is anecdotal rather than...

The major focus of this paper is introducing an objectives clause in patent statutes. Such proposals have been made in Australia as it is clear from case law that judges need better direction as to the goals of the patent system. An advisory group, composed largely of patent system...