Written by health policy experts, the book gives a comprehensive overview of 8 different national health care systems and focuses in particular on the different approaches to maintain efficiency and to contain overall healthcare costs.

This 2005 Article IV Consultation highlights that Finland’s economic performance in recent years continued to be favorable. Growth has outpaced that in the euro area and is expected to pick up to more than 3 percent in 2006. The external current account has remained comfortably in surplus, and...

The Selected Issues paper on Finland underlies public finances and structural reform. The structural reforms encompassing labor and product markets as well the pension system would substantially improve the outlook for fiscal sustainability. Reductions in labor and product market inefficiencies...

Finland has undergone a fundamental structural shift from a resource-based to a knowledge-based economy. The productivity surge in the dynamic information and communications technology sector fueled a strong export-driven recovery. However, the optimism of the past year has dissipated, as the...

This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic growth in Finland slowed sharply in 2001 in the face of a deteriorating external environment, but is expected to pick up significantly by 2003 after staying somewhat lackluster in 2002. The abrupt contraction of the information and...

Finland's performance has been impressive. In light of rapid population aging, a significant and durable increase in the employment rate is vital. To leave room for needed tax cuts on labor while maintaining sufficiently large fiscal surpluses is crucial. With both growth and inflation set to...

Finland has a very sound financial system. Finland is at the forefront of electronic banking and financial sector consolidation. Arrangements for crisis prevention and management need to balance the conflicting goals of minimizing moral hazard and providing adequate safety nets in the financial...

The economic restructuring and expansion after the crisis reflected a combination of private sector initiative, solid macroeconomic management, including the shift from large deficits to significant surpluses of the general government, and structural reforms. High unemployment is one indication...

This report reviews observance of Standards and Codes for the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) 40+9 Recommendations and the Anti-money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) measures in place in Finland. The report describes the level of compliance with the FATF 40+9...