, and bank size were positively associated with dividend payout ratio except leverage, which negatively affected dividend …

This paper investigates the determinants of bank funding costs for a sample of internationally active banks from 2001 …–12. We find that changes in banks’ unsecured funding costs are associated with bank-specific characteristics such as an … subprime crisis and the Euro Area sovereign debt crisis—have also been key drivers of the sharp rise in bank funding costs. We …

The proposed SDN documents the evolution of bank size and activities over the past 20 years. It discusses whether this … to which bank size and market-based activities contribute to systemic risk. The paper concludes with policy messages in …