This paper investigates the reversibility of the effects of transport infrastructure investments, based on a programme that removed much of the rail network in Britain during the mid-20th Century. We find that a 10% loss in rail access between 1950 and 1980 caused a persistent 3% decline in...

The focus of this paper will be on the role played by post-"Brexit", "Global Britain" in the face of the continuing conflict in Ukraine. Emphasis will be placed upon the background of public opinion and the current political climate in the UK and on how Britain's role on the international scene...

Using thousands of essays written by 11-year-olds in 1969, we construct an index measuring girls' conformity to gender norms then prevalent in Britain. We link this index to outcomes over the life-cycle. Conditional on age-11 covariates, a one standard deviation increase in our index predicts a...

This study is the reexaminaton of the dispute involving Tamil estate workers, European planters, colonial authorities, and the Government of India. It throws light on the brief history of the Central Indian Association of Malaya, on attitudes held by rubber estate managers, and on the influence...