In the UK the purpose of and approach to evaluation of state activity in science and technology has changed over recent years from a tactical tool, to determine whether programmes have performed their allotted tasks, to a strategic one which investigates the programmes appropriateness. By...

The European Union's (EU's) Framework Programmes of Research and Technological Development are subject to increasingly systematic evaluation. This paper reviews available evalua-tion evidence from the period 1999 to 2004, and concludes that the Framework Programmes appear to bring many benefits...