differences in achievement into gender differences in endowments and returns to IQ and non-cognitive factors. This descriptive … resources and take similar advantage of these resources. Our findings indicate that gender differences in resources with respect …

, teachers, and peers. We find no evidence of differential responses by gender. …

Gender gaps in skills exist around the world but differ remarkably among the high and low-and-middle income countries … and gender attitudes predict gender gaps in cognitive and noncognitive skills. We find steep socioeconomic and attitude … results suggest that a sizable improvement in gender attitudes would yield important gains for females, but substantial gains …