social responsibility (CSR) strategies in the face of these societal challenges. Like climate risk, inequality can impact …

We analyse whether increased risk reporting by European energy utilities is positively or negatively related to firm … value. Using an unsupervised machine learning topic model ‘Latent Dirichlet Allocation’, we classify the content of the risk … reports presented in the notes to the financial statements in different risk topics over the period from 2007 to 2017. We find …

Climate change can be a source of financial risk. This paper examines how credit rating agencies accepted by the … Eurosystem incorporate climate change risk in their credit ratings. It also analyses how rating agencies disclose their … change risk, the transparency around models and methods used to estimate the exposure to climate change risk and the …

effect these assets may have on their risk profiles. This study aims to (1) measure the effect of cryptocurrencies on the … risk and return characteristics of publicly traded companies; (2) decipher the motives behind holding cryptocurrencies as … disclosures are documented. The importance of risk disclosures on cryptocurrency holdings is emphasized: Firms must better inform …

their climate-related risks to investors. However, such climate risk disclosures lack uniformity, complicating many … introduced the Climate Risk Disclosure Act, which seeks to mandate and stipulate the content of climate risk disclosures. This …

Companies in Europe and the US are required to explain the significant risk factors they face in their annual reports …. Prior studies provide mixed evidence of the informativeness of such textual risk disclosures, suggesting that these … disclosures are an amalgam of both boilerplate and informative risk factors. In this study, we differentiate between specific …