The central vs. local nature of high-school exit exam systems can have important repercussions on the labor market. By … high-school grades is indeed 6 percent when obtained on central exams but less than 2 percent when obtained on local exams …

The central vs. local nature of high-school exit exam systems can have important repercussions on the labor market. By … high-school grades is indeed 6 percent when obtained on central exams but less than 2 percent when obtained on local exams …

We estimate the effect of school size on students' long-term outcomes such as high school completion, being out of the … estimators. We use the natural population variation in the residential catchment areas and school openings and closures to … instrument for actual school size. We find a robust positive but numerically fairly small relationship between school size and …

In Germany and many other countries, students are tracked into various secondary school types. This paper studies …. The reform replaced parents choice about their children s secondary school type by a binding teacher recommendation. Our …