Parallel to the view that national and international law are two separate legal orders, the concept of the rule of law is often separated into a national and an international rule of law. Since the content of both can differ, this can lead to a confrontational perspective which ultimately asks...

This paper explores whether similarities in production structures have been an important determinant of business cycle co-movement in the Euro Area. I construct an index of cross-country differences in industry composition using value added data from 62 sectors. Then I test whether this...

In November 2013, after a series of Law Commission reports and years of academic, professional and judicial discussion, the government introduced legislation to Parliament to replace the existing High Court commercial list with a specialist commercial panel. Whilst this panel would bring New...

The smart specialization concept was implemented in the EU in 2014, stating that regions have to specify specialization areas for development of innovations. Economic specialization reveals a comparative advantage in that field. However, there are different arguments linking specialization to...

Even though egalitarian gender values are increasingly spreading among younger Europeans, division of labour does not always comply with this trend. Traditional theories of familial behaviour struggle to explain the resulting paradoxical simultaneity of egalitarian values and inegalitarian...

This paper solves one of the puzzles in the analysis of regional and industrial distributions of economic activity, the discrepancy between absolute and relative measures. It shows that the difference between an absolute and a relative Theil index of localization can be expressed in terms of...