Pooled cross-section and time-series data of 11 districts in the Indian Punjab have yielded three hypotheses: (1) High infant-mortality rates lead to high fertility rates and high fertility rates cause high infant-mortality rates; (2) Agricultural modernization affects fertility and...

The manufacturing sector has played an important role in the economic development of Pakistan. The main indicator of industrial growth-the percentage share of manufacturing in Gross National Product-has been increasing. However, the percentage of employment in manufacturing has -.decreased. "The...

Primary school enrollment rates in Pakistan are lower than in other countries at the same level of economic development. The proportion of children reaching grade 5 is about half that in Sri Lanka and China and three-quarter that in India. Nationally, the gross primary school ratio is 74, and...