-in-differences models that leverage within-individual and across-cohort variation in shooting exposure within matched school groups to … estimate the short- and long-run impacts of shootings on students attending these schools at the time of the shooting. We find … that shooting-exposed students have an increased absence rate and are more likely to be chronically absent and repeat a …

-in-differences models that leverage within-individual and across-cohort variation in shooting exposure within matched school groups to … estimate the short- and long-run impacts of shootings on students attending these schools at the time of the shooting. We find … that shooting-exposed students have an increased absence rate and are more likely to be chronically absent and repeat a …

relationship at the school, parish, year and country level. The results show a negative and significant effect on performance in … the sciences if hurricanes strike when school is in session and a positive or no effect when school is not in session. In …

We explore the extent to which starting primary school earlier by up to one year can help shield children from the … the children who start school later. In contrast, for the children who commence school earlier, we do not find any …-term nature. We hypothesise that an early school start achieves this by lessening the importance of resource-access inequalities …