A substantial amount is incurred in ETF transaction costs each year. This paper examines the performance of a vector autoregressive (VAR) model and other naïve models to time trades in 1,350 ETFs over the 2011 to 2017 period. We find varied spread savings for large and retail ETF traders by...

Monthly stock market returns are predictable when we refine the observation intervals of the variables used to predict these returns. Contrary to other predictability studies we find high out-of-sample adjusted R2s of up to 7% using economically important commodity returns. Shorter intervals...

Time in the market substantially reduces the risk of loss resulting from holding both stocks and bonds. By focusing on a downside VaR risk proxy in 25 emerging and 24 developed markets we show that the downside risk of both stocks and bonds is greatly reduced as the investment horizon is...