marginal cost of violence always reduces violence, while increasing the indiscriminate fixed cost may backfire and result in …

Hooliganism is on the rise and different countries use different strategies to combat it. We introduce a model where … hooligans reap utility from violence and social identity and study the effects of different police strategies. We find that an … increase in discriminative policing, provided by intelligence units, for example, always reduces violence. Under the right …

While safety crimes far outweigh crimes of conventional violence, British criminology continues to operate with rather … narrow definitions of violence which exclude these. The aim of this paper is to examine the key ways in which occupational … injury and death remain excluded by criminological definitions of violence. To do so, we review briefly three recent examples …