children's cognitive outcomes are greater for the children of less educated mothers, but may be negative for the children of …This paper analyzes the effects of maternal time allocation between work, child care, and leisure and non … a model that takes into account the heterogeneity in a mother’s child-care productivity induced by her level of …

mothers and fathers. The Australian 2009 Fair Work Act explicitly entitled parents of young children to request a (reasonable … mothers to reduce their weekly working hours without renouncing their permanent contract, hence maintaining a regular schedule …. Second, with this work arrangement, working mothers' child penalty declined from a 47 percent drop in hours worked to a 38 …

The impact of children's early development status on parental labor market outcomes is not well established in the … provide evidence that mothers substitute working time with childcare to compensate for early disadvantages. We do not find any …

Parents spend considerable time and resources investing in their children's development. Given evidence that the Earned …-use activities, focusing on the amount and nature of time spent with children. Using 2003-2018 time-use data, we find that federal … and state EITC expansions increase maternal work time, which reduces time devoted to home production, leisure, and time …

apparent for mothers of young children. Altogether, our results suggest that the increased work associated with EITC expansions …Parents spend considerable sums investing in their children's development, with their own time among the most important … natural to ask how the EITC affects other time allocation decisions, especially time with children. We use the American Time …

leave, state-funded childcare for young children, extended school hours, and individual taxation. For each, we provide a …

This article uses data from the 1998-1999 French INSEE time use survey to estimate the time costs of children. The … home production and labor supply. Time costs are computed in terms of hours of foregone leisure. The model accounts for … selection into full-time employment and controls for use of hired childcare workers. We find that the foregone leisure cost of …

In this paper, we provide estimates of the subjectively perceived cost of children depending on the extent of parental … with children in Germany. Our study confirms that the monetary cost of children is substantial and increases with parental … sizeable for families with children …

This paper examines the effect of the timing of mothers' daily work schedules on the amount of maternal caregiving she … weekdays, and total caregiving time on weekends. Since the timing of employment is, in part, a choice made by mothers, which is …, spatial, and economic factors in mothers' time choices distinctly by nonstandard work status. We find that the effect of …