wages to prevent them to quit. Similarly, workers with a high layoff probability give up some of their wage to prevent them … may be related to downward wage rigidity. While it is easy to renegotiate higher wages to prevent quits, it is much more … difficult to renegotiate lower wages to prevent layoffs even if that would overall be beneficial to the workers involved …

wages to prevent them to quit. Similarly, workers with a high layoff probability give up some of their wage to prevent them … may be related to downward wage rigidity. While it is easy to renegotiate higher wages to prevent quits, it is much more … difficult to renegotiate lower wages to prevent layoffs even if that would overall be beneficial to the workers involved …

-specific wage levels in a public-sector setting where wages otherwise are set according to individualized wage bargaining. The … agreement stipulated that wages should increase in proportion to the number of low-paid females within each establishment. We … find that actual wages among incubents responded to the share of females with a wage below the stipulated threshold …