Marketers and retailers have to understand how to manage different consumer perception levels of retail brands, which have a major determining role on store loyalty across different complex contexts. Addressing these issues, Bettina Berg analyzes first whether corporate reputation and retail...

Rapid credit growth in Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine has been driven by successful macroeconomic stabilization, robust growth, and capital inflows. While financial deepening is both expected and welcome, the recent expansions appear to have been excessive, as evidenced by widening current...

The comprehensive program supported by the IMF, the European Union, and the World Bank has helped Romania in stabilizing its economy, reversing imbalances, rebuilding confidence of international financial markets, and setting a sustainable economic growth. Executive Directors appreciated the...

Romania has made significant progress in stabilization and reform. Executive Directors welcomed this development, and stressed the need to maintain monetary and fiscal policies, and accelerate structural reforms. They welcomed the fiscal strengthening and progress in bank restructuring and...