We use the indirect production function approach in the stochastic frontier framework to estimate separately the output losses due to the presence of a budget constraint and technical inefficiency. We develop a methodology for estimating the severity and testing the significance of the...

We study the relationship between technology shocks and labor input on Swedish firm-level data using a production function approach to identify technology shocks. Taking standard steps yields a contractionary contemporaneous labor-input response in line with previous studies. This finding may,...