transformation away from the agricultural sector, female education, and fertility rates. These facts are consistent with …

Many studies have documented a negative association between macroeconomic indicators and fertility in times of economic …-cohorts of white women who entered the age of 34-36 years old being childless before the crisis, in 2004, and at the onset of the … crisis, in 2007. Our identification strategy relies on the assumption that these two adjacent cohorts of women differ only …

, male health improvements delay the transition and the take-off because ceteris paribus they raise fertility. According to …