International knowledge spillovers, especially through multinational companies (MNCs), have recently been a major topic … of discussion among academics and practitioners. Most research in this field focuses on knowledge sharing activities of … MNC subsidiaries. Relatively little is known about their capabilities for protecting valuable knowledge from spilling over …

This paper assesses the relevance of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the knowledge economy (KE)-finance nexus … using the four variables identified under the World Bank's knowledge economy index (KEI) and seven financial intermediary …