The paper considers the use of artiï¬cial regression in calculating different types of score test when the logâˆ'likelihood is based on probabilities rather than densities. The calculation of the information matrix test is also considered. Results are specialised to deal with binary...

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis – an inverted U-shape relation between various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita – has become one of the ‘stylised facts’ of environmental and resource economics. This is despite considerable criticism on both...